• HEALTH

Slow Aging Naturally with
Polyphenols and Noni Antioxidants
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Advances in medical technology, improved living conditions, and an abundance of food have all contributed to longer lifespans. However, this increase in longevity also brings greater awareness of aging and disease. In other words, as people live longer, they inevitably become more concerned with how to manage aging and protect their health, staying alert for ways to maintain vitality and well-being.


Causes of Aging

While aging and disease can stem from many factors, one of the most widely recognized causes is the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals generated within the body. In essence, aging and disease can be understood as a result of an imbalance between the production of these harmful agents—key contributors to oxidative stress—and the body's antioxidant defense system (ADS), which works to neutralize them. This imbalance is particularly common in modern life, where people are constantly exposed to environmental pollutants, unhealthy lifestyles, and chronic stress. As a result, extensive research has focused on reducing oxidative stress, with growing interest in the role of antioxidants found in natural sources, especially foods.

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  • Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

    Highly reactive oxygen-containing molecules produced within the body. These compounds can damage cells and tissues by attacking biological structures and are closely linked to aging and obesity

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  • Free Radical

    Atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons that make them highly unstable. They trigger rapid chemical reactions in the body, which can damage cells and contribute to degenerative diseases, including cancer


Reducing Oxidative Stress Is Key

Antioxidants are compounds that help prevent the oxidation of other molecules. Chemically speaking, oxidation refers to a process in which a substance loses electrons or hydrogen atoms, often involving a reaction with oxygen. Antioxidants work by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals, which can otherwise trigger excessive oxidative reactions and cause cellular damage. Maintaining a healthy antioxidant defense system in the body is essential to reduce oxidative stress—a major contributor to aging and disease. Regular intake of antioxidants can help support this defense system, promoting better overall health and slowing the aging process.


Polyphenols Are Nature’s Most Powerful Antioxidants

Antioxidants are widely found in nature, especially in plants such as fruits and vegetables. These plants contain a range of bioactive compounds known as phytochemicals, among which polyphenols are considered the most powerful and representative antioxidants.
Polyphenols are compounds that contain two or more phenolic structures with a phenol ring. Despite their strong antioxidant properties and potential health benefits, the diversity and complexity of their chemical structures limited systematic research and development until the mid-1990s. Only after extensive scientific progress did polyphenols begin to receive widespread attention. Below are some of the most common types and health benefits of polyphenols.

  • Catechin

    Found abundantly in green tea, black tea, and cacao, catechins are known to have antioxidant effects that are approximately 200 times stronger than vitamin E and 100 times stronger than vitamin C. They help flush out toxins from the body, enhance concentration, and support brain function.

  • Anthocyanin

    Anthocyanins are responsible for the vibrant colors in grapes, blueberries, cranberries, and purple sweet potatoes. It protects cells from damage caused by free radicals and helps prevent blood clots, improving circulation and reducing the risk of heart disease. They also support brain health by enhancing cognitive function and protecting against neurological damage.

  • Quercetin

    Commonly found in onions (especially red onions), apples, and berries, quercetin is known for its cardiovascular benefits. It strengthens capillaries, improves circulation, regulates blood pressure, and helps prevent blood clots. It also supports weight loss by promoting fat metabolism and reduces chronic inflammation, helping manage conditions like arthritis. Thanks to its antiviral and antioxidant properties, quercetin may help prevent infections and has even been shown in some studies to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and induce cell death.

  • Isoflavone

    Isoflavones are a type of flavonoid predominantly found in legumes. Often referred to as phytoestrogens, they share a similar molecular structure—and similar effects—with the human hormone estrogen. Isoflavones have been shown to help relieve menopausal symptoms and support cardiovascular and bone health, including the prevention of osteoporosis. They may also play a role in reducing the risk of certain cancers, such as breast, prostate, and colon cancer.

  • Gallic acid

    Gallic acid is found in green and black teas, grapes, berries, and some nuts. It is known for its anti-inflammatory and fat-reducing properties, as well as its ability to improve blood cholesterol levels. With antibacterial and antiviral capabilities, it also helps protect the nervous system and may prevent degenerative neurological conditions. Gallic acid is especially abundant in fermented teas like black, white, and Pu-erh tea, with Pu-erh tea having the highest content. For this reason, it often serves as a benchmark compound for showcasing Pu-erh tea’s effectiveness in supporting weight loss.

  • Scopoletin

    Scopoletin is a type of coumarin and a key phytoalexin found in various plants, including medicinal herbs. It is widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory effects, helping to reduce inflammation, flush out inflammatory agents, and alleviate pain. It also exhibits strong antibacterial and antiviral properties to prevent infections. In addition, scopoletin aids in regulating blood pressure by stimulating the production of nitric oxide, which relaxes and widens blood vessels—thus helping to prevent or manage cardiovascular conditions. Scopoletin is a key pharmacological component of noni fruit and has been widely studied for its health benefits.

Noni Are Natural Antibiotic

Polyphenols are powerful antioxidants abundantly found in plants—especially in fruits and leafy greens that have been part of the human diet for centuries. Among them, noni (Morinda citrifolia) is often referred to as a natural antibiotic or even a gift from the gods due to its exceptionally high polyphenol content—up to 100 times more than nutritious fruits like mangoes, kiwis, and tomatoes.

In addition to polyphenols, noni contains over 200 different phytochemicals, including proxeronine, which supports healthy cell production; iridoids, known for their ability to restore and regenerate damaged cells; adaptogens, which help the body cope with stress and enhance physical stamina; and serotonin and damnacanthal, which have been shown to inhibit the development and spread of cancer cells.

When choosing a noni product, it’s best to select fermented noni, as fermentation enhances the concentration of functional ingredients. According to a study by the Korea Functional Food Institute, fermented noni contains up to 283% more iron, calcium, niacin, and other essential nutrients compared to non-fermented products. Fermentation breaks down large molecules into smaller ones, improving absorption in the body. Also, be sure to check that the product is free from heavy metals, foreign substances, and pesticide residues, and that it is produced in a HACCP-certified facility for guaranteed hygiene and safety.

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Dr. Imjung Na

Ph.D. in Biochemistry, Hanyang University
Director, Atomy Orot Research Center